CAPE Sociology Population Theories I Lessen 1 I SLC

0:07 hello guys my name is Taj Brown this is my YouTube channel where I provide content for K CXC students one of the reason why for creating this channel was that I noticed there is not a lot of resources out there like study materials you know like some reviewing of the subject and so on for students so being that I was having the problem I decided that I would fix it and I would also help others as well as for my qualifications I am currently doing unit two of Sociology I did unit two unit one last year and I received a great one I'm also a Jamaican so many of my

0:55 examples that I will provide will be from a Jamaican context so if you are a Jamaican you understand how much that will benefit you and even if you're not Jamaican examiners like seen when you're able to draft for examples outside of your country it shows us how much you are reading and so with that said let's get into our first lesson which will be sociological perspectives of population of course we will be starting off with the Malian Theory postulated by Thomas Robert malos now Manos was an English Economist

1:41 and demographer best known for his theory on population in 1798 he published essay on the principles of population and relied on the population transitions he observed in English society during the initial stage of the Industrial Revolution now it's very important to understand that the the stage the time in which your Bas is observation because remember that the initial stages of Industrial Revolution you're looking at the changes within Business Place the changes within countries changes within families so the time frame explains a lot as to why he says certain things

2:29 within his Theory which we will read upon so looking at the tenants of the Malian Theory the main tenant of the Malian theory was that the population was out growing food supply right so malos observ that human population was growing quickly but the food supply was growing at a different rain which was slower and so here you understand that he was looking at problem such as food insecurity and remember that food insecurity is when it's it's now difficult to get food or have access to food you know now remember that food is a basic need for

3:15 humans for people without it you're looking at crime rate increases no people will be willing to do anything whether legal or illegal to get food to eat because we need it to survive right and increasing crime rate you're looking at a potential Destruction for society anomy may occur right so these were some of the things that maltos was really trying to say in his theory the next is people have an innate her that impels them to reproduce right and he said that if people did not learn to control their vices overpopulation would not occur and bring on the fall of

4:01 Humanity now maltos says in malus's mind he sees overpopulation as people continuously reproducing right so many theorists have criticized him for saying this they're saying oh you can't be saying that and he's mixing it up with he's mixing sexual Pleasures with reproduction right people just want sexual pleasures however sometime that may lead to reproduction they don't necessarily want it so these are some of the things that he's been criticized for saying a lot of

4:46 times next you have misery hunger and poverty were inevitable unless humans appreciated moral restraints thereby accepting strict limitations on the frequency of sexual intercourse now this statement was highly based on malus's affiliation religious affiliations right he was very religious and so he didn't believe or see conscious stives and bird control as an effective way of reducing the population he was against it really right so Mal Theory provide us with two solution to

5:33 controlling the population the positive checks and the preventative checks now preventative checks would include abstinence from sexual intercourse and postponing marriage until after 25 years old right maltus did not condone birth control for his religious reasons and this is why I mentioned that it was due to his religious affiliations why he says some of the things and why he's against bird control now the positive checks would include War fine prence and diseases and would be a direct result of increased population growth right so positive checks are really people dying of not

6:20 necessarily natural cause but of causes that doesn't involve like murder right and so he's saying that's at the end of the day it's an effective way of the population being reduced so it's a positive check now malas thought that if the poor were allowed to feel the great pain of poverty then the poor would take steps to avoid a great Pain by having smaller families it was against welfare programs because welfare only encourages the poor to remain poor now us was not wrong for saying this right that the poor um they need to feel the great pain

7:06 well well programs and not they only encourage the poor to remain poor he wasn't necessarily wrong because all right during the 1790s children were viewed as economic assets to poor people so for example you had Farmers right Farmers would have many children so that when they grow up they can work work on the form instead of having to pay for workers right so but then children were really economic assets you know the poor family would have their children boy and even girls as young as they are go go go outside and work right work in order to earn a small income to help the family

7:55 right so he wasn't necessarily around for saying that and with that said he blamed the poor for their poverty and believed that they played a significant role in excessive population growth now the criticisms of the Mal number one the main thing malas did not approve of birth control and contraceptives as these were viices by themselves and favored moral restraint this was not effective at all because control and cont contraceptives they were effective in reducing the population they you know

8:42 prevented a woman from having a child during the time in which you feel like having sexual pleasures right and so it makes things a little bit better because this is why many theorists was saying that he's confusing in sexual pleasure with reproduction many people just want to have sex and not necessarily reproduce reproduction may result from sexual pleasures right Marx famous Marxist was of the view that the Malian Theory favored the ruling class as moral strength was only to be adopted by the working and lower class according to maltus maltus was

9:28 therefore justifying rules and privilege of the elit which is true because in his theory he didn't mention that the rich needed to you know practice moral restraint or anything like that it was based on it was mentioned in the poor he blamed the poor for their poverty right and so he would be justifying the ruling class the boua while the Working Class People were being blamed the implied assumption embedded in the moral sh Doctrine was that the poor are the ones who are immoral and the rich or not an interested and unintended consequence of Malian Doctrine is that

10:13 it helps spread the knowledge of conscious receptiv although he was against it now man has proven that it is that he is capable of controlling his numbers such as in China right China had a one child family policy I remember that China was in before 2022 they was they were the number one they had the most population right but now India has surpassed it and so China tried to reduce their population by implementing one child performing policy right marks and Angels criticized malus

11:00 for looking at his theory wrongfully what he saw as the problem of the pressure of population and the means of production was actually that of the pressure of the means of production on the population so here there really saying that you can't necessarily say that there is an overpopulation it's not overpopulation that is occurring it's the fact that the resources within a country is not being evenly distributed now can maltas Theory be applied to the Caribbean a little bit maltus may have its place in the demographic studies of the Caribbean because there is evidence that the region population has increased

11:47 significantly over the years further with a dependency on Imports and a moning legacy usion is often on the brink of food insecurity Mal Theory helps us to appreciate the effects of population changes on the region right so a little bit it can be applied to the Caribbean just a little bit um one of the major limitations would be that the Caribbean population did not increase due to high fertility rates and reproduction rate the main reason for our population is due to slavery right move the migration of those 12 Millions plus

12:34 slave into the region right that's what summed up our population so the theory could not not necessarily it couldn't necessarily apply to the Caribbean but it has its place in understanding the reason population changes so moving on to the Marxist perspective of population call Marks did not specifically write about the population Mark population is a criticism of the Malian Theory right now Mark's view was that in a capital Society the population needs to grow to ensure the capitalistic system

13:21 and form a reserve Army of workers essentially population population problems are caused by capitalism so he's saying that you know overp population it would be bad maybe for poor people but for the capitalist that's not they they they they're grateful for it because now you're looking at an Reserve Army of laborers ready to work ready to work for your job because they're poor they want money you need money to live so you have an unlimited resource of workers you're making money constantly so that's what he's trying to say that essentially population problems

14:06 are caused by capitalism overpopulation can be solved by the distribution of people and so there is no real problem as in the case of poorer States famine and poverty is a result of domination from a wealthier country that Tresses their resources and therefore not people seeding the population and development theorists they may agree with this because a lot of time it's the wealthier country the dominant culture the metropoles that may sometime strip the resources from smaller countries leaving them underdeveloped right marks je poverty was necessary as

14:54 it would spread out and ultimately end capitalism so the main difference between the mosan theory and the population right so Marx actually agreed with malus that overpopulation causes poverty they agree upon Mark opposed Mal position that population surpasses resources and believe that was only evident in capitalist societies right so his counterpart for a capitalist Society was a communist or socialist society marks was off the view that capitalism and not overpopulation caused

15:40 social ills Malto stress the effects of overp population while marks stress under production and felt that it was uneven distribution of resources that cause covered so whereas malas focus on individual actions and endeavored endeavored to find solution to the population grow in moral restraint Marx focused on the economic structure of society and sought the solution in a sociologist socialist socialist ideology so here's Mark theory of

16:26 population right marks and Angel reacted very strongly against Mal ST which they saw as an apology for the status in other words they held that Malto supported ideology and blame the poor for many of the problems in the world right because remember that man through his theory he kept mentioning how the poor they have an impel Ur they have a urge to that impels them to reproduce use and they must practice moral strength he didn't base this towards the the ruling class he didn't base that to was it was only to the poor so essentially he saw the poor as the main

17:15 problem Mark presented a reversal of moners thinking about population by counter arguing the human misery and suffering under capitalism were the result of B exploitations poverty unemployment hunger and malnutrition were the products of the inequalities of capitalism so looking at the maintenance of the Marxist perspective of population right first you have capital accumulation and expansion so Mark is saying that in a capitalist system marks believed that population grow was necessary for the continuity of capitalism capitalism strive on the supply of labor

18:04 and the more the bigger the labor force is the higher profits for the capitalist so to maintain this the working class is encouraged to have more children as their labor is directly tied to the availability of capital low wages force them to sell their labor from Mega earnings essential for the accumulation of capital right so for instance the colonial error of the Caribbean Plantation to maximize profits plantation owners kept wages low resulting in harsh working conditions

18:49 Mark's Theory would suggest the working class would grow in such a situation but their wages would remain low ensuring the plantation only profitability and they're able to get away with this because you're poor you have to eat you need money so you even when you know that the wage is lower and you're getting paid below what you're supposed to you just have to do it because if you don't do it they'll find someone else who will be willing so what it does is that it forces people to work right next I have the principle of the reserve Army of Labor one of Mark's Central ideas is the

19:38 concept of the reserve Army of Labor the reserve Army comprises workers who are available for employment but often face unemployment redundancy and low wages in a capitalist system an excess of available workers decrease labor demand keep is low and benefiting the B capital accumulation over time Mark recogniz recognize that the capitalist class would adopt strategies to counter Rising wages such as price increases the use of immigrant labor technological advancements and foreign investments however however these measures often

20:24 result in increased unemployment and a reduced demand for labor Mark the emphasizes the interplay between population growth and capitalism in his analysis the population is influenced by capital accumulation the capitalist class relies on an abundant supplier of Labor if the working class become conscious of their situation and manages to manages the supply of labor by having few children it could lead to improve working conditions and better better wages but people of the working class struggles atay gratifications now this should be understandable because delaying gratifications right

21:11 compared to immediate gratifications you're poor you don't have enough money to you know it's very difficult as a poor person to save money right because you're looking at Star yourself right there imagine a pregn woman you expect you really think that a pregn woman would starve herself or she should starve herself so that she could save money that won't happen so therefore it's very difficult to delay gratification so for someone who is poor it's hard to save you have to be spending as soon as they get the money so you're staying poor the cycling of

21:59 money is happening daily but nothing is is is going into your bank account it's not staying with you as you get it you spend it you remain poor and so that's how you get to understand the cycle of poverty right and the last one was the competition for scarce positions now Mark Theory addresses competition for scar job opportunities right and many countries even within the Caribbean Experience this right the Min the basic jobs that requires that CC even CeX subjects can

22:45 get you they don't pay a lot right jobs that pay a lot you have to you have to go to get go to university get a degree right so you understand that job openings becomes limited workers strive to enhance their efficiency to secure employment right this increase productivity benefits Capital lists by raising output levels now remember if you go to a workplace and you're not you're not stressing out yourself to work you're taking your time right you're not being efficient they can easily replace you you're not the only one in the country who knows how to prog

23:34 a computer they'll find someone else the next day so what it does now is that it it overworks you people have to be far more efficient than they are they have to overwork themsel they have to prove that hey I can do this job I can stress out myself for an entire year don't let me go let me keep the job right and so at the end of the day the only person this benefit is the owner of the business the capitalist because it raise output levels it raise production levels right and some marxists argue that capitalist profit from the training of Labor Force sometimes at the expense of

24:21 parents for instance certain jobs like call centers Community Limited in Port more Jamaica require is training to begin right so I have to pay in order to get the job to train and even if you train right you're not must get a job at the end of the day you lose that you lose the profit right and also the reason why I actually stated what call center was using which is the call centers Community Limited in Port Jamaica is because when wrting your say you want to be able to not just name the business but give a direct example so I mention the call

25:08 center community Limited in P so I'm not just mentioning a call center because many people we know what a call center is but it doesn't mean you know where a call center is you know anything about a call center right so by doing this in your essays it it may give you a mark because it shows The Examiner that hey you know the things you're reading and so and so you have the Marxist feminist highlight the role of women who often form a substantial Reserve labor force particularly in jobs requiring minimal skills right so females are H to get less pay and in

25:55 Jamaica many times when you go on to whales in downtown Jamaica right downtown Kingston you see some of them of all females worker right remember household is a job where you're walking carrying things for for for customers you're taking things off of shelf nothing is wrong if a man is there but why all women it's because they get paid less than the men that is why many times you may see all women working in a small business place so the criticism now of Marx's perspective on

26:40 population Marx was too optimistic about the ability of society to provide for a population right countries such as China and India with rapid population growth uped to implement population control methods due to the problems of such populations Marxist failed to outline any guidelines as to how socialist States would deal with the population explosion since only capitalist states have problem of population problems socialist states such as Cuba China and Russia have experienced many population problems over the years right I remember Cuba one of our only Caribbean socialist state is currently

27:26 experiencing rapid population growth aging due to increased Family Planning patterns and IM immigration by the young sadly the Marxist perspective offers no guideline to assist these things and this is the one of the main criticism that Marx call Marx and the Marxist perspective gets over everything they say because majority of the things they talk about they mentioned the solution is a communist state and so their criticism will be you never gave no guideline because yes you said you gave a solution but you didn't provide us with information as to how and how go about it so they get criticized for

28:12 doing that right moving on to the nean theory of population so firstly the word Neo means new so we understand that these theories they're are the one who have adopted malus's ideologies and they've taken in consideration the criticisms received from Marx and the other theorist as it relates to the malan theory so they have pretty much put it all together in order to create better strategies and we're going to read up on their ideas so the new Mion accepts the basic

28:58 premised that population growth tends to out food supply and went up further to argue that population growth will ultimately outp all resources Paul elich for example mentioned that the population in developing nations has increased significantly creating a population bomb that has begun to out resources unlike maltus they they believe that bur control methods and not morally or appropriate checks to population grow neus have adopted Mark position that developed nations are the true cause of poverty in less developed Nations by consuming almost 4 of the shares the share worlds resources so you

29:46 get to see that theion they they're far more open you know they're far more imaginative because they understand that listen birth control methods and notal restra is actually effective remember maltos Bas his theory due to moral restraint because of his religious affiliations well the Neal they're not looking at that they're looking for the betterment of the world so they're going to actually accept birth control methods right you see where they adopted Mark position that developed nations are the true cause of poverty in less developed

30:34 Nations so looking at the ne malus Theory it is evident that the ne malus offer better strategies for public population control than maltus did they argue that maltos had mistaken desire to have children with a desire for sexual pleasure for this reason theal were of the view that radical view on contraception is needed additionally these theories took into consideration the position of Marx so the three solution that they came up with was the Family Planning policies limiting the number of children in families and they did this this was really done through you know

31:21 education also right now it's done by advertisement remember it's done advertisement on TV and it's also done on the social media apps as well CU everyone is on social media so it's easy to reach and large audience right they also mention official aid from the West should be used to finance birth control programs and they said promoting the use of contraception through the aid of he education and media programs so you know many times you've seen on TV on social media saying um to use a condom take pills for the females and they talk about the importance of having

32:09 one child and the benefits as well so part criticism the neans fail to appreciate the effects of receptiv on the degeneration of women as it can cause mental physical and moral suffering for some women which is true because despite their benefits everything everything tends to have a side effects and a lot of time after women taking contraceptives may result in some devastating side effects you know may lead to death um physical d

32:57 damages as well and they also meant they got criticized by the dependency theorist who would reject the view that Western countries should invest in less developed Nations as they would argue that this is the reason they are undeveloped in the first place so can it be applied to the Caribbean well yes it can neion Theory can successfully be applied to the Caribbean as there has been a massive growth in the region population which has caused poverty and lower standards of living so like in Jamaica right in Jamaica like Kingston you

33:47 have many people resided in kingon you know Kingston is the a area in Jamaica it's filled with all the major businesses so many people travel and travel and work in kingst and so you realize that the resources aren't necessarily being shared a lot of times water may not be available to all resents because everyone is using it you know the city is filled it's it's almost overpopulated with people so you see where the standards of living may be lower right there is evidence that the Caribbean women have come to appreciate ftil

34:33 control methods and family planning as fated by the neosan so in 1930 in the 1930s and the 1940s we have seen where Barbados experienced over population and they were able to reduce the population growth rate by implementing bird control policies and methods right so the women they they they were appreciative of the control maybe one of the factors as to why we women in the Caribbean easily appreciate fertility control the fact that you know we're highly known for having a matri focal

35:19 culture single parent family most of the mother and so it's easy for girls to understand that growing up with one parent or growing up with a poor parent it it's going to play some have a negative effect on the child and so we understand just how much it can benefit the parent itself to have a child when they are ready and so maybe that's one of the reason why femes also open up the fertility controls right there's also evidence that increase population grow undermine development and strain limited resources so as as you mentioned about

36:04 the Kingston as an example many people are in there because it's it's a hot city of Jamaica and the resources they can't there's aing on it there's aing on water there's a not necessarily aing on electricity not a lot of people can afford electricity right and so on there's a St on Road good quality roads right so yeah that's the it can be applied to the Caribbean Now we move on to the eugenesis movement the the eugenesis movement of the early 20th century spearheaded by

36:51 figures like Francis gon and organizations like the British Eugenics education Society aim to promote social and biological evolution through selective human breeding this movement sought to control marriage and reproduction based on criteria like behavioral traits such as alcoholism criminality mental retardation to prevent the reproduction of the socalled unfit so these people were termed unfit because well if you're an alcoholist right you most likely don't have a job you're probably abusive you're probably just a junky right

37:38 criminality mental retardation people who have mental conditions right they tend not to perform so well in society children with autism would require or the certain degrees of artism would require additional assistance right and so they may be proven to not be so effective in society or so productive right eugenicists believe that modern economics encour genetically harmful birth rates as productive individuals supported those who were not before World War I British eugenist

38:26 were con concerned with policies for the mentally deficient and were also focused on addressing declining birth rates promoting eugenic marriage and altering the demographic structure of society in some countries eugenes successfully secured compulsory sterilization of certain groups and the most horrific association with eugenic schemes in Nazi Germany where Adolf Hitler use eugenic principles to justify the Holocaust leading to the the genocide of millions particularly the Jews Roma the mentally ill who are considered unfit and politically sentence right so that's a

39:14 major history major event in history where we see new genesis policies were implemented throughout the movements history a common trade was an anti-democratic stance and a disdain for the poor which can also be seen in the views of Thomas marus Eugenics is now widely discredited and condemned D is associated association with humans rights abuses now let's look at Planned Parenthood Planned Parenthood was a history as a history dating back to

40:02 196 when it was founded as a national bird control League under the leadership of Mary dennit it later transformed into the American bird control League led by Margaret s during the 1920s and 1930s in 1942 it became the Planned Parenthood Federation of America Incorporation plan parent food's advocacy include a wide range of women's Reproductive Rights you know so you're looking at promoting the availability of emergency contraception advocating for the removal of laws requiring parental consent for girls under the age of 18 seeking abortion you know so they really try to

40:50 free provide much more Liberty for women when it comes to like um birth and and and so on you know they tried and make abortion a little bit easy because they were considering okay many females they they didn't they got children which was unwanted it wasn't planned many of them were raped and they want an abortion and they can't get an abortion they're now forced to grow a child that they don't want these things lead to a lot of problem many times they have the ch and they completely hate the child that child grow up in a constant hate environment an environment

41:37 filled with hate right the advocate for comprehensive sex education in public schools including discussions of abstinance and birth control and so in China policies resembling plan parenthood's initiatives were implemented between 1970 and 1992 leading to a substantial drop in the total fertility rate of women right China approach included slogans emphasizing Eugenics and wellbeing right and remember in

42:22 2022 India surpassed China's population population once had the record for for most population however India passed it and Parenthood like initiatives were not as successful and this was due to the the deliberate resisting of the use of birth control measures resulting in continued population growth these examples illustrate the historical development and diverse outcomes of Planned Parenthood advoc and related initiatives showcasing how cultural social and political context can significantly influence their

43:11 effectiveness the next perspective will be the demographic transition model the demographic transition refers to the transition from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates as a country developed from a pre-industrialized economic system the DTM serves as a visual representation of this Evolution aiming to elucidate the fluctuations in birth and debt rates across distinct stages weeks John weeks 2015 asserts that the demographic transition model is fundamentally grounded in modernization

43:57 Theory position that as a country advances industrially and modernizes its birth and death R decline essentially the theory possesss that economic stability corresponds with population stability the theory was initially formulated by Warren Thompson observing shifts or transitions in birth and death rates within the industrialized Societies or over two centuries so later you had the such as frankstein an American demographer expanded upon Thompson's observation proposing that every nation under goes three stages of population growth the

44:43 first one was high birth and debt rates the second was high birth rates and low debt rates leading to a population surge because now there are more people being born than those who are dying the last one was low birth and Deb rates with rapid demographic changes particularly in developed Nations the model has evolved over time currently it encompasses five stages of population transition While most developed countries have progressed to stage four the majority of developing nations are situated in stage two or three notably

45:31 no country remains in stage one presently well at moment you still have a few groups that may still be in stage one having high birth and high de rat as well you may have a few out there but let's look at the demographic transition model table for a while so we have stage one High stationary birth rates high and death rates high right examples like I said you have a few groups that are still experiencing stage one um natural increase it is you're having a slow increase here reasons for changes in birth rates

46:18 you're looking at many children needed for farming cuz remember I told you the importance of time in which the observation was Bas right you're looking at before pre-industrialization right children were needed for farming many children di at early age they were poor health care and so on and there was no family planning this was due to what religious or social encouragement and you understand that now now you're able to see where maltos Thomas maltos was being influenced by religion to not encourage Family Planning contraceptions or

47:04 contraceptives we have early expanding which is the birth rate being high and the decrease in Deb rate so now you're looking at a surge right here and you'd see an improvement in medical care which would what would impact the decrease in debts it would have to be an improvement in medical care water supply and sanitation so fewer children are dying now right a natural increase where birth rates are falling and Deb rates are all fall slower right improve Medical Care and diet for your children needed now so you

47:53 understand that parents don't need children to be working in Farms or working in factories so there's really no point in hly getting ready to have a child right people slow down people people become career based career driven right and so low stationary this is when birth rates and Deb rates are low right so you're looking at the cause causes such as family plan right it's being promoted across countries good health improving status of women right women are now carer driven

48:38 they're not they're no longer um they are no longer have a set role of being in the home or being a housewife women are now able to go out there get a job improve theel and so they would consider and it's also promoted due to their education they understand that getting a job having kids after marriage is far better for you right so these are the things that impacts the changes in births and death rates you know good healthare would be healthare would be improve even more at this stage and reasonable food supply as well in stage

49:26 five which is is the declining right you have countries such as Germany birth rates are are lower than debt rates and this is due to one an aging population right the promotion of family planning as well this is what leads to birth rates being decreased so much right natural increase is a is now going down the country isn't increasing in population and this this could be very detrimental to the country right you're looking at a labor force a minimal labor force this could reduce the production in a

50:12 country so and those are the five stages let's move on to the criticism now of the demographic transition model the demographic transition model is often criticized has been eurocentric and assumes that all countries will pass through the same stage right because we in the Caribbean do not have the same mother as them we can't have the same mother our did our population came from our population Came From Slavery the forc migration of Africans into the Caribbean that's where our population came from so we couldn't we could never have the same model as

50:57 them right and the fact that some societies have followed a pattern of demographic transition does not mean that every society will do so it is possible that specific factors operating in a particular society could speed the transition or late or even freeze at a particular point it does not take migration into account as a component of population growth or decline the relationship between population growth and economic development is more evident in develop Nations than developing nations right the mod does not consider the positive and sometimes negative

51:43 roles the government plays in population transition such as implementation of welfare programs or the promotion of fertility control and it also does not take in the recent phenomena such as AIDS now we have the Caribbean perspective so our Caribbean theorist would be George Roberts 1957 a Caribbean demographer who based his studies in Jamaica is of the idea that demographic transition Theory must be developed specifically for the Caribbean taking into consideration the

52:32 historical development of the region according the historical development of the region right according to this mod the region is currently in the fifth stage of transition so for our Caribbean demographic model stage one this stage covers from European settlement to the late 18th century and was a period where population was influenced by the need for labor on the Caribbean Plantation and the constant importation of African slaves stage two this stage stretches through 19th century to emancipation and saw a steady decline of the sugar Plantation and a

53:18 redistribution of Caribbean population with the freed black population this St STS Tre characterized from emancipation through to 1880 and is influenced by inventorship and the increase in Caribbean population due to immigrants stage four is characterized by immigration from the Caribbean to develop Nations and stage five the period extend extending from 1921 to the 1960s the effects of World War II were felt but the period saw increased growth in the population due to increased fertility and decrease in

54:03 Morality so we see where the Caribbean population the changes the transition from high population to having a low population to having different members in the population it is due to many factors slavery the world war you have migration people moving to America the diaspora who is all across the world right so our transition model it has to be different from the rest and so these are the things that makes ours special to

54:48 us and so the Caribbean demographic transition model it really shows where in the Caribbean our changes in population isn't really about high birth rates and low birth rates it's how people move around the reason the changes the factors that made them move you know you had the freedom of the blocks the world war to many people move to work in the Panama canel and so on work on the rails and many people moved to British there were jobs there were all

55:35 things right many people immigrate we have a major diaspora outs the Caribbean so these are the reason why our transition model would be so different from that of the European and so this should bring us to the end of the lesson this will was really to you know giv an understanding of all the perspectives right in the essay that's really what the examiner is looking for for you to understand because it's very easy to know what they are about the population theorist i' say probably the easiest of all of them know what they are

56:21 understand the meaning that trying to give such as you know malus was really trying to say that listen over population can lead to other problems food insecurity chaos crime violence increase all these things you have to understand it so hope you learn something new um this is my first video I will be dropping another video very soon so please share like with your friends subscribe that's the most important thing to and see you do another thing